This section is for components that deliver engine power to the wheels and road.
This is a brief overview as there's plenty of good resources available, see the links below for more information.
AWD - All Wheel Drive, MT - Manual Transmission, EAT - Electronic Automatic Transmission, VTD - Variable Torque Distribution, VDC - Vehicle Dynamics Control, MPT - Multi Plate Transfer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Subaru_transmissions, https://www.awdwiki.com/en/
The power is normally split 80:20 front to back with an electronically controlled MPT clutch
The power is normally split 55:45 front to back with the transmission computer adjusting to 50:50 as required. A planetary centre differential is used along with a clutch.
The preceding number refers to the number of forward gears available in the manual (MT) or automatic (AT) transmissions.
This transmission has been used by Subaru for a while with Phase 2 being introduced around 2004. It can provide power to either the Active Torque Split or VTD AWD systems with the latter employed on turbo or 3.0 models.
Used on Legacy & Legacy 3.0R, Outback XT, Outback 3.0R Outback 3.6R, Tribeca. This transmission uses the VTD AWD system. There were a couple of revisions of the 5EAT over the years, more info is required here. This transmission requires the specific fluid Subaru ATF-HP fluid or Idemitsu ATF-HP.
5EAT is not built by Subaru but Jatco (Japan Automatic Transmission Company) which is used on a number of other vehicles, more more information see this Wikipedia article Jatco 5R05 transmission.
Subaru replaced some models of torque converter due to an issue with a sliding counter measure that causes a shudder during acceleration in 3rd, 4th or 5th gear. This affected later model years for this generation with the turbo or six cylinder engine See Subaru Technical Service Bulletin 16-74-09 for more information although most warranty's will have expired. Advanced computer users will be able to use the TSB information to self diagnose the problem using the free RomRaider software to log data from the transmission computer.
This generation Subaru are fussy on which CV axles are used. If a loud vibration is heard at idle after replacing the front drive shafts with an aftermarket variety it is likely the new axles are the cause of the problem. See this forum thread for more information.
Higher specification auto models came with paddle shifters to allow gear change from paddles directly behind the steering wheel. They can also be retro fitted, see